Earth & Environmental Science

The master’s candidate must demonstrate competence in mathematics, chemistry, and 物理学与地质学学士学位的要求相当. 地质学理学硕士学位可以通过以下任何一种方式获得 plans:

The student’s course of study must be approved by the advisory committee and must 满足硕士学位论文的一般要求，必须包括 ERTH 480 or the equivalent, if not previously satisfied, two credits of GEOL 592, at least six credit hours of GEOL 591, and at least four credit hours of GEOL 593, unless the degree is completed in a shorter time. Credits earned in GEOL 592 and 593 may not be applied towards the 30 credits required for the M.S. degree.

The student’s course of study must be approved by the advisory committee and must 满足硕士学位的一般要求，不需要论文，必须包括 ERTH 480 or the equivalent, if not previously satisfied, two credits of GEOL 592, 至少三个学时的GEOL 590和至少四个学时的GEOL 593， unless the degree is completed in a shorter time. Credits earned in GEOL 592 and 593 may not be applied towards the 30 credits required for the M.S. degree.

硕士学位的学习计划必须得到学生顾问的批准 committee and must satisfy the general requirements for the degree, including GEOP 590 (at least three credit hours) or GEOC 591 (at least six credit hours).

Students must complete two credit hours of GEOC 592, at least four credit hours of GEOC 593(除非在较短时间内完成学位)，地球化学12学分， and six credit hours in upper‐division or graduate chemistry courses. As part of the degree requirements, students must have completed CHEM 331; GEOC 507, GEOC 544, ERTH 200 (mineralogy); or their equivalents.

The student’s course of study must be approved by the advisory committee and must 满足硕士学位论文的一般要求，必须包括 (unless taken in undergraduate work): ERTH 325 and 448, or their equivalents; upper‐division geology, six credit hours; competence in mathematics corresponding to nine credit hours beyond calculus; at least six credit hours of GEOP 591, two credit hours of GEOP 592，至少四个学分的GEOP 593，除非学位完成 一个较短的时间，和十二个额外学分的研究生地球物理学(最多六 这一要求的学分可以用非地球物理研究生课程代替 with the advisor’s approval).

经学生咨询委员会批准的课程必须符合一般要求 对于硕士学位，没有论文，必须包括(除非在本科期间) work): ERTH 325 and 448, or their equivalents; upper‐division geology, six credit hours; competence in mathematics corresponding to nine credit hours beyond calculus; GEOP 590至少3学分，GEOP 592至少2学分，至少4学分 除非在较短的时间内完成学位，否则必须达到GEOP 593学分 additional credit hours of graduate courses in geophysics (up to six credit hours of this requirement may be replaced with non‐geophysics graduate courses with the advisor’s approval)

The student’s course of study must be approved by the advisory committee and must fulfill the general requirement for the master’s degree and must include:

ERTH 440,

HYD 507, 508, 510

Six credits from graduate-level hydrology courses listed in the course catalog

HYD 591 (at least six credit hours)

HYD 592 (two credit hours)

HYD 593 (four credit hours)

ERTH 202 or equivalent

MATH 283, 382, 584 or equivalent

至少三个额外的研究生水平课程学分由咨询委员会批准

(水文学以外适合研究生学习的课程举例 in hydrology include, but are not limited to: BIOL 343, 446; CHEM 331, 332, 333, 334; ERTH 405, 409, 444, 445, 448, 460; GEOL 503, 509, 547, 553; GEOP 505, 529; MATH 332, 382, 384, 410, 411, 415, 435, 436, 438, 483, 486, 488, 511, 512, 533, 586, 587; PETR 445, 523, 544, 546, 564; PHYS 421, 526.) 

ERTH 440, Hydrological Theory and Field Methods, 4 cr, 3 cl hrs, 3 lab hrs

Prerequisites: MATH 132, PHYS 132

Offered fall semester

Fundamentals of hydrological flow and transport will be presented. Precipitation, runoff processes, and flood generation. Capillarity, unsaturated flow, and infiltration. Laws of flow in porous media, hydraulic storage, and flow to wells. Laboratory and 演示和实施水文基本概念的野外练习 cycle.

 

HYD 507, 507D, Hydrogeochemistry, 3 cr, 3 cl hrs

Prerequisite: CHEM 122; Pre or Corequisite: ERTH 440 

Offered fall semester

自然水的热力学和水化学，重点是地下水. 化学平衡概念，表面化学，氧化还原反应和生物化学. The interaction of water with the atmosphere and geologic materials. Basic concepts 应用于地下水质量演变、水利用和地下水污染问题. Shares lecture with ERTH 407, with additional expectations for graduate credit. (Same as CHEM 531 and GEOC 507.)

 

hyd508，水文系统的流动和运输，4学分，3学时，3个实验/复习 hrs

Prerequisites: ERTH 440, 440L and 510

Offered spring semester

Principles of flow and transport in hydrological systems, including rivers, lakes, aquifers, the vadose zone, glaciers and the lower atmosphere. Fluid mechanical and thermodynamic properties, fluid statics, fluid dynamics, including mass, momentum 以及能量守恒，以及热、粒子和非反应性化学物质的传输 with fluid flow. Single and multiphase laminar flow in porous and fractured permeable media. Turbulence and related topics that are of particular interest to hydrologists.

 

HYD 510, 510D, Quantitative Methods in Hydrology, 3 cr hrs

Prerequisite: MATH 231; Pre or Corequisite ERTH 440

Offered fall semester

Introduction to the methods of mathematical physics used in hydrologic science. Presented 在水和能量平衡，流体流动，和数学模型的背景下 heat & solute transport. Application to aquifers, the vadose zone, land‐surface runoff, rivers, and the atmospheric boundary layer. Methods span advanced engineering calculus, including numerics and differential equations. Use of software (Matlab, Maple, and COMSOL Multiphysics) for problem solving and solution presentation. Programming with Matlab.

 

HYD 511, 511D, Groundwater Hydrology, 3 cr, 3 cl hrs

Prerequisite: ERTH 440

Offered alternate spring semesters

地表水对地下水的发生、运动、化学和同位素组成的研究. Hydrogeologic properties. Groundwater recharge and stream/aquifer interaction, flow net and hydrograph analysis. Groundwater exploration using geologic and geophysical methods. Groundwater in different geological, climate, and physiographic regimes. Characterization of groundwater using stable isotopes and major ion analysis. Physics 井流，井水力方程的稳态和瞬态解; image well theory, responses of aquifers to perturbations. Role of groundwater in contaminant migration and heat transfer. (Shares lecture with ERTH 411, with additional expectations for graduate credit)

 

HYD 513, 513D, Watershed Dynamics & Ecohydrology, 3 cr, 3 cl hrs

Prerequisite: ERTH 440

Offered alternate spring semesters

通过流域系统控制水文流速和路径的过程; hillslope runoff production and in-channel flood routing. Emphasis on physical mechanisms and their treatment in models, as well as observations made in the field. Interactions 半干旱生态系统中陆生植物与水、养分和光照资源之间的关系 and riparian zones. Vegetation induced flow roughness, ecohydrological processes and dynamics, and simple numerical models. (Shares lecture with ERTH 413, with additional expectations for graduate credit)

 

HYD 514, 514D, Vadose Zone Hydrology, 3 cr, 3 cl hrs

Prerequisite: ERTH 440

Offered alternate fall semesters

多孔介质中不饱和流动的物理学，多相流，势和水 retention, unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, transient flow problems. Mathematical modeling of variable-density flow. Analysis of slope stability, drainage through mine 尾矿和岩石堆，危险废物迁移，土壤水分对蒸散发的控制 and vegetation growth. (Shares lecture with ERTH 414, with additional expectations for graduate credit)

 

HYD 534, 534D, Introduction to Remote Sensing, 3 cr, 2 cl hrs, 3 lab hrs

Prerequisite: PHYS 122 or consent of instructor

Introduction to the theory and practical use of remotely sensed satellite images. Principles of radiation physics; sensor systems; data acquisition; image analysis; classification schemes. Remote sensing applications to atmospheric sciences, hydrology, 矿产和石油勘探，自然灾害监测，土地和资源管理. Become familiar with ERDAS Imagine remote sensing software. Laboratory exercises using ERDAS Imagine deal primarily with computer analysis of remotely sensed images with some field exercises. Shares lecture/lab with ERTH 434, with additional expectations for graduate credit. (Same as GEOL/GEOP 534)

 

HYD 536, Advanced Remote Sensing, 3 cr, 2 cl hrs, 3 lab hrs

Prerequisite: ERTH 434 or HYD 534 or GEOL 534

Offered on demand

本课程涉及用于测定成分的定量遥感 能量平衡(净辐射、潜热通量和感热通量、土壤热通量) 以及土壤水分、高光谱和多光谱图像处理、雷达和微波 imagery. In addition, advanced applications for geology, geophysics and geochemistry will be discussed. Shares lecture/lab with ERTH 436, with additional expectations for graduate credit. (Same as GEOL 536)

 

HYD 516, 516D, Geofluids, 3 cr, 3 cl hrs

Corequisites: ERTH 440, HYD 511 or PETR 445

Offered alternate spring semesters

The role of groundwater in geologic processes. Fluid flow impelling mechanisms within the earth’s crust to depths of 10 km. The role of groundwater in petroleum generation/migration, 沉积盆地超压/欠压地层，热液矿床 地层，接触变质作用，地热系统，地震活动，边坡破坏，沉积物 transport, and glaciation

 

HYD 520, Data-driven Modeling in Science and Engineering, 3 cr, 3 cl hrs

Prerequisites: MATH 283 or 382 and MATH 335 or consent of instructor

科学和工程应用的统计学习技术和数据同化. 重点是实际应用和对潜在假设的理解 techniques, allowing students to learn the basics of useful tools for data-driven modeling and revisit their theoretical and practical underpinnings as needed. Topics 可能包括监督学习和非监督学习，回归，分类，重要性 sampling, ensemble forecasting, and Kalman Filtering. The codes R and Python will be used. (Same as GEOP 520)

 

HYD 546, Contaminant Hydrology, 3 cr, 3 cl hrs

Prerequisites: ERTH 440; HYD 507. Pre‐ or Corequisite: HYD 508

无机、有机和微生物污染物的物理、化学和生物学 in groundwater and surface water systems. Mechanisms by which contaminants are introduced. Transport and transformations of contaminants in surface waters, the vadose zone, and the saturated zones. Movement, capillary trapping, and solubility of relatively immiscible organic liquids. Contaminant isolation and remediation techniques.

水文学专业硕士学位面向在职专业人员或学生 who whish to increase their qualifications in the hydrologic sciences. The Professional Master Program in Hydrology covers fundamentals of
大气，地表和地下水文，同时留下的灵活性集中 on related areas of particular
individual interest. This coursework‐only degree requires a minimum of 30 credit hours of graduate level and upper
division coursework.

All student must take:

• ERTH 440 (3 cr)
• Twenty‐one credits of graduate classes in Hydrology.     Examples of available distance education course include:
   Hyd 507, Hyd 510, Hyd 511, Hyd 513, Hyd 514, Hyd 516, Hyd 534, Hyd 546, Hyd 547， HYD 550, HYD 560.
• Six credits of elective classes outside of the Hydrology Program. Examples of available distance education elective
  classes include: MGT 462, MGT 472, GEOL 512, MATH 586, TC 505, TC 575.

NM Tech远程教育部门利用多媒体技术进行串流 无论学生身在何处，只要他们 have a computer with a broadband Internet connection. Questions related to access and use of the distance education program can be found by contacting the Distance Education Department:

Student support:
Call toll-free 866-644-4887

Technical support and DE studio:
local: 575-835-6277
toll-free: 866-357-2779

robert.hepler@be-formation.com

要登录到课程门户并参加讲座，请访问以下内容 web site:

http://nmt.instructure.com/login/canvas

Please contact the Graduate Office (575-835-5513; graduate@be-formation.com) to learn how to apply to the NM Tech graduate program as a “Special Graduate” or a “Part Time” graduate student and to obtain a Student ID (a number starting with 900). The Special Graduate Student application processes is faster but eventually 你需要转换为“兼职”研究生才能收到你的 certificate. You must be registered during the semester you receive your certificate.

Once you are admitted, your 900 number will be sent to you via the US mail. Alternatively, 如果时间有问题，你需要打电话给研究生办公室获得你的900号码. The graduate school number is 575-835-5513. Once you have your 900 number you can register for the distance learning classes you wish to take.

 

Questions not answered by this brochure can be directed to:

Mark Person, Professor of Hydrogeology, mark.person@be-formation.com,

575-835-6505 (office), 575-517-7578 (cell)

我们的15学分的水文学研究生证书旨在为学生提供 much of the course work that our MSc. students are required to take. On-line students will not be required to participate in laboratory and field components of distance education (DE) classes such as Erth 440. Students who complete the Certificate Program 平均成绩为B的学生有资格申请本课程并完成硕士学位. or Ph.D. degrees at NM Tech in Socorro. An MSc. Hydrology degree requires 30 credits and a research thesis. Students must maintain a B average (3.0 GPA) in order to receive a certificate. Courses completed with a grade below a C must be retaken. The program can be completed in about 1.5 years taking 2 courses per semester. The cost of the certificate is about $7000. Some students working at government agencies have used the certificate to secure professional grade and salary increases. A full description of the DE Graduate Certificate program can be viewed here.

参加这个项目的学生可以在课堂上与教师互动 因为他们被教导或使用CANVAS远程教育异步观看讲座 software environment. Prospective students need access to a computer with a browser and a high-speed 能连接互联网参加讲座，处理作业，进行指导 examinations and communicate with faculty, advisors and peers. The classes are accessed via NM Tech distance learning portal described below. We strongly recommend students 如果可能的话，实时观看讲座，这样他们就可以互动提问. Distance education students who are on professional travel may turn assignments in late but will be required to take the exam on the same day as regular students

All DE students are required to take Erth 440. 要完成15学分的学位要求，学生可以选择以下课程 list of courses: Geol 512D, Geol 550D, Hyd 507D, Hyd 510, Hyd 511D, Hyd 513D, Hyd 514D, Hyd 543. Below is a description of these classes.

 

ERTH 440, Hydrological Theory and Field Methods, 4 cr, 3 cl hrs

Prerequisites: MATH 132, PHYS 132, offered fall semester. 

Fundamentals of hydrological flow and transport will be presented. Precipitation, runoff processes, and flood generation. Capillarity, unsaturated flow, and infiltration. Laws of flow in porous media, hydraulic storage, and flow to wells. Laboratory and 演示和实施水文基本概念的野外练习 cycle.

 

HYD 507D, Hydrogeochemistry, 3 cr, 3 cl hrs 

Prerequisite: CHEM 122; Pre or Corequisite: ERTH 440, offered fall semester.

自然水的热力学和水化学，重点是地下水. 化学平衡概念，表面化学，氧化还原反应和生物化学. The interaction of water with the atmosphere and geologic materials. Basic concepts 应用于地下水质量演变、水利用和地下水污染问题. Shares lecture with ERTH 407, with additional expectations for graduate credit.

碳酸盐体系中含水物质随总碳浓度的分布 of 10-3 mol/kg.

 

HYD 510D, Quantitative Methods in Hydrology, 3 cr, 2 cl, hrs, 3 lab hrs

Prerequisite: MATH 231; Pre or Co-requisite ERTH 440, offered fall semester.

Introduction to the methods of mathematical physics used in hydrologic science. Presented 在水和能量平衡，流体流动，和数学模型的背景下 heat & solute transport. Application to aquifers, the vadose zone, land‐surface runoff, rivers, and the atmospheric boundary layer. Methods span advanced engineering calculus, including numerics and differential equations. Use of software (Matlab, Maple) or problem solving and solution presentation. Programming with Matlab.

说明非线性、一维岛屿含水层几何结构的示意图 groundwater flow model which includes recharge (R), water table elevation (h), the saltwater-freshwater interface position (ζ), and pumping well (Qp). As part of Hyd 510、学生将开发一个有限差分的锐利界面来使用这个系统 Matlab ©.

 

HYD 511D, Groundwater Hydrology, 3 cr, 3 cl hrs 

Prerequisite: ERTH 440, offered alternate spring semesters.

地表水对地下水的发生、运动、化学和同位素组成的研究. Hydrogeologic properties. Groundwater recharge and stream/aquifer interaction, flow net and hydrograph analysis. Groundwater exploration using geologic and geophysical methods. Groundwater in different geological, climate, and physiographic regimes. Characterization of groundwater using stable isotopes and major ion analysis. Physics 井流，井水力方程的稳态和瞬态解; image well theory, responses of aquifers to perturbations. Role of groundwater in contaminant migration and heat transfer. (Shares lecture with ERTH 411, with additional expectations for graduate credit).

A)空心杆螺旋钻法原理图(B)示意图示 flow net solution to groundwater into a mine adit.

 

HYD 513D, Watershed Dynamics & Ecohydrology, 3 cr, 3 cl hrs 

Prerequisite: ERTH 440, offered alternate spring semesters.

通过流域系统控制水文流速和路径的过程; hillslope runoff production and in-channel flood routing. Emphasis on physical mechanisms and their treatment in models, as well as observations made in the field. Interactions 半干旱生态系统中陆生植物与水、养分和光照资源之间的关系 and riparian zones. Vegetation induced flow roughness, ecohydrological processes and dynamics, and simple numerical models.

 

HYD 514D, Vadose Zone Hydrology, 3 cr, 3 cl hrs 

Prerequisite: ERTH 440, offered alternate fall semesters.

多孔介质中不饱和流动的物理学，多相流，势和水 retention, unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, transient flow problems. Mathematical modeling of variable-density flow. Analysis of slope stability, drainage through mine 尾矿和岩石堆，危险废物迁移，土壤水分对蒸散发的控制 and vegetation growth.

 

GEOL 512D，地理信息系统概论，3学分，2学分，3个实验小时 

Offered Spring semester.

An introduction to the concepts of geographic information systems (GIS). Theoretical background to GIS; introduction to the nature and analysis of spatial data. ArcView and/or ArcGIS.

 

GEOL 550D, Cave and Karst Systems, 3 cr, 3 cl hrs

Prerequisites: CHEM 121 & 122; and either any 100 level ERTH or BIOL 111, offered spring semester, every other year.

基于系统的洞穴和岩溶地形随时间变化的研究，包括形成机制 (speleogenesis), hydrology, geochemistry, mineralogy, and geomicrobiology. Emphasis on caves as interactive microcosms cross‐cutting many disciplines. Shares lecture 与ERTH 450，但单独评分和额外的研究生水平的工作是必需的.

 

HYD 547D, Hydrological Modeling, 3 cr, 3 cl hrs 

Prerequisites: ERTH 440, HYD 510

Analysis and synthesis of issues in hydrologic science. Related engineering problem solving. Conceptual modeling process: model conceptualization and parameterization, model diagnosis, testing and validation, and model prediction. Conceptual models for 检验科学假设，吸收数据，制定政策，解决工程问题 design and operational problems. Development of simple, two-dimensional groundwater flow models using Matlab. Applications to groundwater flow and contaminant transport problems using MODFLOW GMS software.

Simulated heads due to municipal well field pumping and wellhead delineation zone for Nantucket Island, Massachusetts using MODFLOW-GMS.

 

在线课程对拥有任何自然科学学士学位的申请人开放 sciences or engineering disciplines (e.g. earth science, civil engineering, biology, chemistry). Students taking online classes should expect to take 18-24 months to complete the program.

NM Tech远程教育部门利用多媒体技术进行串流 无论学生身在何处，只要他们 have a computer with a broadband Internet connection. Questions related to access and use of the distance education program can be found by contacting the Distance Education Department:

Student support:
Call toll-free 866-644-4887

Technical support and DE studio:
local: 575-835-6277
toll-free: 866-357-2779

robert.hepler@be-formation.com

要登录到课程门户并参加讲座，请访问以下内容 web site:

http://nmt.instructure.com/login/canvas

Please contact the Graduate Office (575-835-5513; graduate@be-formation.com) to learn how to apply to the NM Tech graduate program as a “Special Graduate” or a “Part Time” graduate student and to obtain a Student ID (a number starting with 900). The Special Graduate Student application processes is faster but eventually 你需要转换为“兼职”研究生才能收到你的 certificate. You must be registered during the semester you receive your certificate.

Once you are admitted, your 900 number will be sent to you via the US mail. Alternatively, 如果时间有问题，你需要打电话给研究生办公室获得你的900号码. The graduate school number is 575-835-5513. Once you have your 900 number you can register for the distance learning classes you wish to take.

 

Questions not answered by this brochure can be directed to:

Mark Person, Professor of Hydrogeology, mark.person@be-formation.com,

575-835-6505 (office), 575-517-7578 (cell)

地球与环境科学专业博士研究生 在地质学方面应培养良好的地质学、化学、物理和数学背景; 除了在专业领域达到高水平的能力之外.

PhD students must include three credits of GEOL 592 and at least six credit hours of GEOL 593, unless the degree is completed in a shorter time. 

适合地质学候选人的研究领域包括岩石学、火山学、 矿床、地质年代学、稳定同位素、环境地质学、煤炭地质学、 地质水文学、沉积与地层学、区域构造学和构造地质学. Interdisciplinary programs in the Earth science fields are encouraged.

地球与环境科学专业博士研究生 在地球化学方面应具备良好的化学、地质学、数学、 而物理除了在专业领域取得高水平的能力外.

博士生必须包括三个学分的GEOC 592和至少六个学分 of GEOC 593, unless the degree is completed in a shorter time.

博士论文研究领域包括矿床地球化学、微量元素 火成岩和变质体系的元素和同位素地球化学，流体包裹体 地球化学，地质年代学，水文地球化学，稳定同位素地球化学和环境 geochemistry. Interdisciplinary programs in the Earth science fields are encouraged.

地球与环境科学专业博士研究生 在固体地球的物理方面应该有扎实的物理，数学， 和地质学除了在地球物理领域取得高水平的能力.

经咨询委员会批准，学生应选择一个项目，包括 a minimum of nine credit hours in graduate geophysics beyond the MS degree, three 修完GEOP 592学分，至少修完GEOP 593学分4个小时，学位除外 is completed in a shorter time, plus additional courses in related fields.

适合地球物理学候选人的研究领域包括地壳勘探; earthquake seismology, tectonophysics, environmental, and hydrogeothermal studies. Interdisciplinary programs in the Earth science fields are encouraged.

地球与环境科学专业博士研究生 in hydrology should develop a good background in physics, mathematics, chemistry, 而地质学除了在专业领域取得高水平的能力外.

经咨询委员会批准，学生应选择一个项目，包括 硕士学位以外的研究生水文学至少9个学分，3个学分 of HYD 592, plus additional courses in related fields. Some appropriate courses are given under the Master of Science degree requirements.

Research fields appropriate for the doctoral candidate include regional hydrology, 地下水补给，渗流带水文学，随机地下水文学，水文地球化学， 同位素水文学，水文气候学，污染物运移，含水层恢复，多阶段 非混相流体流动，确定性和随机含水层数值模拟; finite difference and finite element numerical methods, and field instrumentation. Interdisciplinary programs in the Earth science fields are encouraged.

地球与环境科学专业博士研究生 in geobiology should develop a good background in chemistry, geology, mathematics, 除了在该领域取得高水平的能力外，还应精通物理和生物 of specialization.

经咨询委员会批准，学生应选择一个项目，包括 a minimum of nine credit hours in graduate coursework beyond the MS degree, three 至少修毕GEOB 592学分及至少修毕GEOB 593学分，学位除外 is completed in a shorter time.

博士论文研究领域包括地球微生物学、生物地球化学循环、 生物介导的成岩作用、生物矿物沉淀和溶解作用; 生物介导过程、起源和早期演化的同位素地球化学 of life, paleobiology, paleontology, and astrobiology. Interdisciplinary programs in the Earth science fields are encouraged.